If you have been searching for land for sale in Maryland or Pennsylvania, you are not alone.
For many buyers, purchasing land represents space, privacy, and freedom. It is the opportunity to grow a garden, raise chickens, own livestock, build a custom home, start a homestead, or simply enjoy acreage away from the hustle and bustle.
The dream of owning farmland, rural property, or vacant land is powerful.
However, turning that dream into reality requires much more planning, due diligence, and financial preparation than most buyers expect.
As a brokerage specializing in homes, farms, and land throughout Central Maryland and Southern Pennsylvania, we counsel buyers every year on the realities of purchasing acreage. Below are the most important factors to understand before buying land.
1. Zoning Laws When Buying Land
Zoning is one of the most critical — and most overlooked — aspects of purchasing land.
In many Maryland counties, you need a minimum of three acres to keep larger livestock. However, in both Maryland and Pennsylvania, zoning regulations vary significantly by county (or township). Rules may dictate:
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Whether livestock or poultry are permitted
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The number of animals allowed
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Setback requirements for barns and outbuildings
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Whether a property can be subdivided
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Whether a camper, tiny home, or barndominium is permitted
Before purchasing farmland or vacant land, it is essential to verify zoning classifications and permitted uses. Assumptions can be costly.
2. Financing Options for Vacant Land and Farm Properties
Financing land is very different from financing a traditional residential home.
Depending on the property’s current use and your intended use, there are multiple loan options available, including:
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Conventional financing
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VA loans (yes, even on large acreage in certain circumstances)
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Agricultural lending institutions such as Farm Credit
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Portfolio land loans
You do not necessarily need a “farm loan” to buy a farm.
However, when purchasing vacant land without a livable dwelling, most lenders require a minimum of 20–30% down. Because there is no existing home to use as collateral, stronger financial positioning is typically required.
Understanding your financing options before writing an offer is critical when buying acreage in Maryland or Pennsylvania.
3. Equipment and Maintenance Costs for Acreage
Owning land comes with ongoing responsibilities.
If you plan to maintain acreage, fencing, pasture, gardens, or livestock, you will likely need equipment such as:
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A tractor
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A large mower or bush hog
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Power tools
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Equipment for moving hay, dirt, fencing materials, or debris
Land ownership involves maintenance costs that extend beyond the initial purchase price. Buyers should budget for equipment, storage, repairs, and ongoing upkeep.
4. Utilities, Infrastructure, and Permits
Raw land and rural property often require significant infrastructure before they are livable.
Water typically requires drilling a well. Wastewater requires septic installation or an approved holding system. Electric service requires permits, meter installation, and access. Driveways require road access permits. New construction requires site plans, grading, excavation, and building approvals.
We frequently speak with buyers who hope to purchase vacant land and immediately live on-site in a camper, tiny home, or barndominium. Unfortunately, zoning and building codes in Maryland and Pennsylvania often make this more complex than expected.
Every county has different requirements. Proper research and local guidance are essential.
5. The Commitment of a Homestead or Farm Lifestyle
Buying land for a homestead or small farm is incredibly rewarding — but it is also a daily commitment.
Animals, gardens, orchards, and crops require care every single day. Weather conditions, illness, or travel plans do not pause those responsibilities.
Buyers considering farmland or agricultural property should carefully evaluate:
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Time commitment
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Access to additional help when traveling
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Knowledge and experience level
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Long-term sustainability plans
Land ownership is not passive. It is active, hands-on stewardship.
6. Land Restrictions, Easements, and Property Limitations
Many pieces of farmland or rural property include restrictions that directly impact value and usability.
These may include:
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Conservation easements
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Agricultural preservation programs
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Wetlands
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Deed restrictions or covenants
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Subdivision limitations
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Building rights (or lack thereof)
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Roll-back taxes or agricultural assessments
Each parcel of land is unique. A thorough review of title work, county records, and land use history is critical before purchasing.
Understanding these factors can protect you from unexpected limitations after closing.
Work With a Brokerage That Specializes in Land and Farm Sales
Buying land in Maryland or Pennsylvania is not the same as purchasing a residential home in a subdivision. It requires local knowledge, agricultural experience, and a clear understanding of zoning, financing, and land use regulations.
If you are considering purchasing land, farmland, or acreage — or if you would like to understand the value of your property in today’s market — we are here to guide you through every step of the process.
